Genetic diversity among Arachis species based on RAPDs

Abstract

Thirty-two accessions of wild species of Arachis belonging to twenty-five species and grouped under six sections were used to study genetic relationship using RAPOs. Twenty-nine primers belonging to OPH 1-20 and and OPM 1-9 were used in the study. All the primers showed polymorphic bands and the number of bands varied from five to thirty-three. Similarity values (Sij) for 464 pairwise comparisons among 32 accessions ranged from a minimum of 0 to a maximum of 49%, with an average of 15%. The data obtained from cluster analysis matched that obtained from multidimensional scaling (MOS). Cultivated species A. hypogaea grouped with A. monticola, a tetraploid wild species and a probable progenator of A. hypogaea. A. stenosperma accessions grouped together. Wild species from section Arachis with B genome formed two clusters, with one cluster having A. batizocoi showing distant relationship than the other cluster with A. hoehnei showing closer relationship. A. glandulifera having the 0 genome remained apart. It was possible to explain the grouping of wild species grouped as per their relationship with each other. The exception was the two accessions of A. cardenasii (ICG 11558 and 11559) from section Arachis. They did not group with any of the A, B or the 0 genome species from section Arachis nor with each other.