Allelic variation of gliadin and glutenins in genetic stocks and advance lines of Triticum turgidum var. durum

Abstract

In durum wheat genotypes, analysis of seed storage protein profiles of 30 genetic stocks and 30 advanced lines was done using Acid and 50S PAGE electrophoresis. More alleles were observed at GJu-1 loci i.e., GJu A1 (2*) and GJu 81 (14+15, 7*+8 and a new type allele) in genetic stocks, while these alleles were not noticed in advanced lines. Most of the advance lines show null and 7+8 bands, while in genetic stocks, band 20 is common. Genetic stocks contain 12 different patterns at GJu-3 loci, while only two were found in advance lines, indicating that the genetic stocks contain more diversity for this class of proteins in comparison to advance lines. The rust resistant lines do not posses LMW 2 I y-45 type GJu 3 I GJi-1 alleles, so these can be used as donors to introduce rust resistance in the good quality recently released varieties. Most of the advance lines showed LMW 2 I y-45 type GJu 3 I GJi-1 alleles, which is best for pasta making quality. So, LMW 2 I y-45 type GJu 3 I GIi-1 aliele can be used as a bio-chemical marker to select good quality lines in future breeding programmes. The presence of new LMW-B glutenin and y-gliadin patterns is interesting and needs to be investigated further for their role in pasta making as well as overall technological quality of durum wheat.