Yield and yield stability of diverse genotypes of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Sr.)

Abstract

Thirty-six genotypes of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) differing greatly in the contribution from landraces in their parentage were evaluated in six environments In order to examine their yield and yield stability across changing environmental conditions. The test environments provided a good range of yield levels ranging from a low of 843 kg ha-1 at Jaipur to a high of 2860 kg ha-1 at Patancheru. The genotypes were grouped in five clusters. Clustering pattern did not give any clear indication of classification of genotypes according to the source they were derived from. Apparently clusters proved to be heterogeneous in their genotypic constitution. Performances of the individual group showed various pattern of adaptation to the test environments. Clusters 1 and 4 showed contrasting adaptation in certain environments because of significant difference in their phenology, which might have influenced their response to different environments. Cluster 3 containing 13 genotypes derived from landraces, improved germplasms and their crosses appeared to be the most stable group but at a relatively poor performance level as compared to cluster 5. Results Indicated that sources of adaptation to range of environments are not exclusively found in landrace group, rather they can be identified in non-Iandrace materials through evaluation over variable environments.