Heterosis for biochemical traits governing resistance to shoot fly in sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench.]

Abstract

The present investigation is an attempt to study the heterosis manifested by the hybrids over mid parent and better parent for biochemical traits of shoot fly resistance in sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (l.) Moench]. Results revealed that chlorophyll, epicuticular wax, and protein content were under the control of both additive and non-additive gene action. Preponderance of non-additive gene action was noticed for free phenols and tannin content. Total sugar was under the influence of additive gene action. Maximum desirable heterosis over mid parent was observed for epicuticular wax (81.8%), followed by chlorophyll (-49.6%) and total sugars (-35.8%). Similar trend for heterobeltiosis was observed for epicuticular wax (66.7%), chlorophyll (-43.4%) followed by total free phenols (24.9%) and total sugars (-22.2%). Hybrid SPSFR 94022A x IS 5636 had considerably higher desirable heterosis over mid and better parent for total chlorophyll, total sugars, epicuticular wax and total free phenols whereas 27A x IS 22144 was the only hybrid to exhibit desirable positive and significant heterosis over mid parent for tannin content, and also over better parent though not at significant level. Heterosis exploitation Is the best method for exploiting total free phenols and tannin content for shoot fly resistance. Both parents should have low protein to develop shoot fly resistant hybrids.