Characterization of vegetable soybean (Edamame) germplasm and assessment of optimal food quality traits

Abstract

Vegetable soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) stands out among pulse crops, boasting high protein content and serving as a rich source of iron and zinc. Recognizing its potential to address malnutrition and enhance nutritional security in India, the present study was conducted to screen vegetable soybean germplasm based on yield and quality attributes. A set of 35 genotypes, including advanced lines derived from the crossbreeding of grain and vegetable soybeans and varieties both types. Comparative analyses of nutritional traits at the R6 and R8 stages, as well as organoleptic parameters, were conducted. Genotypes VS-1-17-17, VS-2-141-17, and VS-5-265-17 displayed superior quality traits as compared to traditional grain-type soybeans. Notably, VS-2-141-17 stood out for exceptional nutritional and sensory attributes. Organoleptic assessments identified AGS-459, AGS-457, and AGS-450 as superior in taste, texture, and overall acceptability. The present findings offer valuable insights for future vegetable soybean cultivation and breeding in India, contributing to enhanced breeding practices. The present study may be relevant for breeders, researchers, and farmers exploring the potential of vegetable soybeans.