Unravelling chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) genotype stability through univariate and multivariate approaches under varying soil types and water regimes
Main Article Content
Abstract
Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is a vital protein-rich crop predominantly cultivated in rainfed conditions, making it vulnerable to environmental challenges like drought. Understanding genotype-by-environment interaction (GEI) is crucial for developing cultivars that are adaptable to diverse climatic conditions. To identify promising genotypes for drought resilience, a multi-environment trial was conducted across 10 distinct environments varying in soil type and moisture, involving 21 chickpea genotypes. The study observed significant variation in seed yield among the genotypes, with genotype G4 (BGD103) consistently achieving the highest yields under drought-stress conditions. Combined variance analysis revealed that the environment accounted for 73.59% of the total variation in grain yield, while GEI contributed 13.95% and genotypes contributed 12.44%. GGE and AMMI biplots further illustrated the relationships between environments and genotypes, identifying environments E5, E1, and E3 (characterized by medium black soil) as favourable for chickpea cultivation. Genotypes G1 (BDG75), G4 (BGD103), and G11 (JG16) were recognized as stable and high-yielding across these environments. Additionally, genotypes G1, G4, G5 (Digvijay), G7 (GNG1581), G14 (Pusa1003), and G18 (RSG896) demonstrated broad adaptability across all environments. Parametric and non-parametric stability models pinpointed genotypes BDG75, BGD103, GNG1581, and RSG896 as the most stable. Further, genotypes G1, G4, and G18 showing consistent genetic stability and high yields across diverse conditions. These findings provide valuable insights for chickpea breeding programs focused on enhancing yield resilience under water stress conditions, contributing to the development of robust, water stress resilient cultivars.
Downloads
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
References
Annicchiarico P (2002) Defining adaptation strategies and yield stability targets in breeding programmes. In M S Kang (Ed), Quantitative genetics, genomics, and plant breeding CABI 365–383.
Arif A, Parveen N, Waheed MQ, Atif RM, Waqar, I and Shah TM (2021) A comparative study for assessing the drought-tolerance of chickpea under varying natural growth environments. Front Plant Sci 11, p607869. https://doiorg/103389/fpls2020607869.
Azam MG, Iqbal MS, Hossain MA, Hossain MF (2020) Stability investigation and genotype × environment association in chickpea genotypes utilizing AMMI and GGE biplot model. Gen Mol Res 19(3):16039980.
Bakhsh A, Akhtar LH, Malik SR, Masood A, Iqbal SM and Qurashi R, (2011) Grain yield stability in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L) across environments. Pak J Bot 43(5). 2947-2951.
Bakhsh A, Malik AQ, Ghafoor A, Malik BA (1995) Stability of seed yield in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L). Pak J Sci 3(6): 385-390
Becker HC, and J Leon (1988) Stability analysis in plant breeding. Plant Breed 101:1-23
Cooper M, Stucker RE, Delacy IH and Harch BD (1997) Wheat breeding nurseries, target environments, and indirect selection for grain yield. Crop Sci 37: 1168-1176 http://dxdoiorg/102135/cropsci19970011183X003700040024x
Crossa J (1990) Statistical analyses of multilocation trials. Advances in Agron 44:55-85 https://doiorg/101016/S0065-2113(08)60818-4
Dehghani H, Ebadi A and Yousefi A (2006) Biplot analysis of genotype by environment interaction for barley yield in Iran. Agronomy J 98(2) pp388-393. http://dxdoiorg/102134/agronj20040310.
Dencic S, Kastori R, Kobiljski B, Duggan B (2000) Evaluation of grain yield and its components in wheat cultivates and landraces under near optimal and drought conditions. Euphytica 113:43–52. http://dxdoiorg/101023/A:1003997700865
DES 2023, MOAF&W, GoI https://desagrigovin/session-year/2023/
Ebdon, JS and Gauch Jr HG, (2002) Additive main effect and multiplicative interaction analysis of national turfgrass performance trials: I Interpretation of genotype × environment interaction. Crop science 42(2): 489-496. https://doiorg/102135/cropsci20024890
Eberhart ST and Russell WA (1966) Stability parameters for comparing varieties. 1 Crop sci 6(1):36-40. https://doiorg/102135/CROPSCI19660011183X000600010011X
Erdemcı, İ (2018) Investigation of genotype × environment interaction in chickpea genotypes using AMMI and GGE biplot analysis. Turkish J Field Crop 23(1):20-26. http://dxdoiorg/1017557/tjfc414846
FAOSTAT Rome (2021) Available online: https://wwwfaoorg/faostat/es/#data/QCL
Farshadfar E, Sabaghpour SH and Zali H, (2012) Comparison of parametric and non-parametric stability statistics for selecting stable chickpea (Cicer arietinum L) genotypes under diverse environments. Australian J Crop Sci 6(3) pp514-524
Finlay KW and Wilkinson GN (1963) The Analysis of Adaptation in a Plant-Breeding Programme. Australian J Agric Res 14 742-754
http://dxdoiorg/101071/AR9630742
Francis TR Kannenberg LW (1978) Yield stability studies in short-season maize I A descriptive method for grouping genotypes. Canadian J Plant Sci 58(4):1029-34. https://doiorg/104141/cjps78-157
Gauch HG and Zobel RW (1997) Identifying mega-environments and targeting genotypes. Crop Sci 37:311-326. https://doiorg/102135/cropsci19970011183X003700020002x
Hussain, T, Akram, Z, Shabbir G, Manaf, A and Ahmed M, (2021) Identification of drought tolerant chickpea genotypes through multi trait stability index. Saudi J Biol Sci 28(12) 6818-6828. https://doiorg/101016/jsjbs202107056
Jaganathan D, Thudi M, Kale S, Azam S, Roorkiwal M, Gaur PM, et al (2015) Genotyping-by-sequencing based intra-specific genetic map refines a ‘‘QTL-hotspot” region for drought tolerance in chickpea. Mol Genet Genom 290(2):559–71. https://doiorg/101007/s00438-014-0932-3
Jha UC, Chaturvedi SK, Bohra, A, Basu PS, Khan MS and Barh D (2014) Abiotic stresses, constraints and improvement strategies in chickpea. Plant Breed 133(2) pp163-178 http://dxdoiorg/101111/pbr12150
Kanouni H, Farayedi Y, Saeid A and Sabaghpour SH (2015) Stability analyses for seed yield of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L) genotypes in the Western cold zone of Iran. J Agric sci 7(5) 219. https://doiorg/105539/jasv7n5p219
Karimizadeh R, Pezeshkpour P, Mirzaee A, Barzali M, Sharifi P and Motlagh MS (2023) Stability analysis for seed yield of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L) genotypes by experimental and biological approaches. Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding 27(2) p135 https://doiorg/1018699%2FVJGB-23-19
Kebede GY, Tesso B and Alemu T (2023) Genotypic Variability and Character Associations of Kabuli Chickpea (Cicer artietinum L) Genotypes for Yield and Yield Related Traits at Arsi-Robe Southeastern Ethiopia. International Journal of Bio-resource and Stress Management 14(7) pp969-977. https://doiorg/1023910/120233549
Khan MI, Afzal MJ, Bashir S, Naveed M, Anum S, Cheema SA, Wakeel A, Sanaullah M, Ali MH and Chen Z (2021) Improving nutrient uptake, growth, yield and protein content in chickpea by the co-addition of phosphorus fertilizers, organic manures, and bacillus sp Mn-54. Agronomy 11(3) p436 http://dxdoiorg/103390/agronomy11030436
Kumar A, Parthasarathy S, Babu SK, Chesneau C, Anthonysamy V (2023) Statistical study on relationship among different parametric stability methods for selecting stable and adaptable chickpea (Cicer arietinum L) genotypes under diversified environments. Far East Journal of Theoretical Statistics 67(1):95-112. http://dxdoiorg/1017654/0972086323005
Kushwah A, Bhatia D, Singh G, Singh I, Bindra S, Vij S, Singh S (2021) Phenotypic evaluation of genetic variability and selection of yield contributing traits in chickpea recombinant inbred line population under high temperature stress. Physiol Mol Biol Plants 27:747–767. https://doiorg/101007/s12298-021-00977-5
Lin CS, Binns MR (1988) A superiority measure of cultivar performance for cultivar × location data. Canadian J Plant Sci 68(1):193- 198. https://doiorg/104141/cjps88-018
Liu LH, Hung TV and Bennett L (2008) Extraction and characterization of chickpea (Cicer arietinum) albumin and globulin. J food sci 73(5) C299-C305. https://doiorg/101111/j1750-3841200800773x
Massawe FJ, S Mayes, A Cheng, HH Chai, P Cleasby, R Symonds, WK Ho, A Siise, QN Wong, P Kendabie, Y Yanusa, N Jamalluddin, A Singh, R Azman and SN Azam-Ali (2015) The potential for underutilised crops to improve food security in the face of climate change. Procedia Environmental Sciences 29: 140-141. http://dxdoiorg/101016/jproenv201507228
Murphy SE, Lee EA, Woodrow L, Seguin P, Kumar J, Rajcan I and Ablett GR (2009) Genotype× Environment Interaction and Stability for Isoflavone Content in Soybean. Crop Sci 49:1313–1321. http://dxdoiorg/102135/cropsci2008090533
Naroui MRR, MA Kadir, MY Rafii, ZEH Jaafar, MR Naghavi and F Ahmadi (2013) Genotype × environment interaction by AMMI and GGE biplot analysis in three consecutive generations of wheat (Triticum aestivum) under normal and drought stress conditions. Australian J Crop Sci 7 (7): 956-961
Nassar R, Huehn M (1987) Studies on estimation of phenotypic stability: Test of significance for nonparametric measures of phenotypic stability. Biometrics 43:45-53. https://doiorg/102307/2531947
Neeraj K, Bharadwaj C, Satyavathi CT, Madan P, Tapan K, Tripti S, Supriya S, Jain PK, Patil BS, and Soren KR (2017) Morpho-Physiological characterization and grouping (SAHN) of chickpea genotypes for salinity tolerance. Vegetos 30 116–123
Parmar DJ, Motaka GN, Patel JS and Patel SG (2016) Study on different stability procedures for yield of rice genotypes (Oryza sativa L). International J Sci Environ Tech 5(3):1503-14
Perkins JM and Jinks JL (1968) Environmental and genotype-environmental components of variability. Heredity 23(3):339-356. https://doiorg/101038/hdy196848
Pouresmael M, Kanouni H, Hajihasani M, Astraki H, Mirakhorli A 2018 Stability of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L) landraces in national plant gene bank of Iran for drylands J Agric Sci Techol 20(2): 387-400 http://dorlnet/dor/2010011168070732018202137
Rani A, Devi P, Jha UC, Sharma KD, Siddique KH and Nayyar H (2020) Developing climate-resilient chickpea involving physiological and molecular approaches with a focus on temperature and drought stresses. Front plant sci 10 p1759. https://doiorg/103389/fpls201901759
Rao P, Sandhyakishore N, Srinivasan S, Sandeep S, Praveen G, Neelima G and Kumar GA (2023) AMMI and GGE Stability Analysis of Drought Tolerant Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L) Genotypes for Target Environments. Legume Res 46(9) 1105-1116. http://dxdoiorg/1018805/LR-5156
RStudio RStudio: Integrated development environment for R (Computer sofware v0981074) RStudio http://wwwrstudioorg/
Samonte SOP, Wilson LT, McClung AM and Medley JC (2005) Targeting cultivars onto rice growing environments using AMMI and SREG GGE biplot analyses. Crop sci 45(6) pp2414-2424. http://dxdoiorg/102135/cropsci20040627
Satturu V, Ishwarya Lakshmi VG, Srikanth R and Sreedhar M (2024) Parametric stability analysis of cold tolerant rice genotypes for grain yield. Rivista di Biologia 12(2):2023. http://dxdoiorg/1061739/TBF2023122471
Satturu V, Ishwarya Lakshmi VG, Srikanth R and Sreedhar M (2023) Comparison of parametric stability models for genotype x environment interaction in cold tolerant genotypes of rice (Oryza Sativa L) for vigour index. Rivista di Biologia 12(2):308-315. http://dxdoiorg/1061739/TBF2023122308
Shah TM, Imran M, Atta BM, Ashraf MY, Hameed A, Waqar I, Shafiq M, Hussain K, Naveed M, Aslam M and Maqbool MA (2020) Selection and screening of drought tolerant high yielding chickpea genotypes based on physio-biochemical indices and multi-environmental yield trials. BMC plant bio 20 1-16. https://doiorg/101186/s12870-020-02381-9
Sharifi P, Aminpanah H, Erfani R, Mohaddesi A and Abbasian A (2017) Evaluation of genotype × environment interaction in rice based on AMMI model in Iran. Rice Sci 24(3) 173–180. https://doiorg/101016/jrsci201702001
Shukla GK (1972) Some statistical aspects of partitioning genotype environmental components of variability. Heredity 29(2):237-45. https://doiorg/101038/hdy197287
Tai GC (1971) Genotypic stability analysis and its application to potato regional trials. Crop Sci 11(2):184-90. https://doiorg/102135/cropsci19710011183X001100020006x
Tiwari JK, Kanwar RR, Yadav RK and Singh AK (2022) Yield stability analysis in an underutilized legume ‘winged bean’(Psophocarpus tetragonolobus L). Legume Research-An International Journal 45(2):209-214. http://dxdoiorg/1018805/LR-4333
Varshney RJ, Thudi M, Nayak SN, Gaur PM, Kashiwagi J, Karishnamurhy L, Jaganathan D, Koppolu K, Bohra A, Tripathi S, Rathore A, Jukanti AK, Jayalakshmi V, Vimula A, Singh SJ, Yasin M, Sheshshayee MS, Viswanatha KP (2014) Genetic dissection of drought tolerance in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L). Theo Appl Genet 127:445–62. https://doiorg/101007/s00122-013-2230-6
Wang X, Gao W, Zhang J, Zhang H, Li J, He X and Ma H (2010) Subunit, amino acid composition and in vitro digestibility of protein isolates from Chinese kabuli and desi chickpea (Cicer arietinum L) cultivars. Food Research International 43(2):567-572. https://doiorg/101016/jfoodres200907018
Wricke G (1962) Evaluation Method for Recording Ecological Differences in Field Trials. Z Planzenzucht 47(1):92-6
Yan W (2001) GGE biplot– a Windows application for graphical analysis of multi-environment trial data and other types of two-way data. Agron J 93: 1111-1118. https://doiorg/102134/agronj20019351111x
Yan W and Hunt LA (2002) Biplot analysis of diallel data. Crop Sci 42(1):21-30. https://doiorg/102135/cropsci20020021
Yan W and Kang MS (2003) GGE biplot analysis: graphical tool for breeders, geneticists and agronomists. CRC Press New York
Yan W and Tinker NA (2006) Biplot Analysis of Multi-Environment Trial Data: Principles and Applications. Canadian J Plant Sci 86 623-645.
http://dxdoiorg/104141/P05-169
Yan W, Hunt LA, Sheng Q and Szlavnics Z (2000) Cultivar evaluation and mega‐environment investigation based on the GGE biplot. Crop sci 40(3):597-605. http://dxdoiorg/102135/cropsci2000403597x.