Evaluation for powdery mildew resistance in grapevine (Vitis venifere L.) parental germplasm under in-vitro and natural field conditions
Main Article Content
Abstract
Powdery mildew (PM) caused by Erysiphe necator Schwein [(syn. Uncinula necator (Schweinf.) Burrill.] is an ascomycete biotrophic fungus of grapevine, leading to substantial yield and economic losses in infected crop. Thirty-four genotypes of Vitis vinifera L., including commercial varieties and hybrids, two genotypes of V. champini, three interspecific hybrids of Vitis species and two wild indigenous Himalayan species, namely V. parviflora and V. jacquemontii were assessed for resistance to powdery mildew using the leaf disc method in-vitro with E. necator isolate and in the field under natural condition during 2022 and 2023. Significant differences in the scores among the grape genotypes were observed in both in-vitro and field conditions. Resistance evaluation under both conditions classified V. parviflora, 110R, Coudere 1613, Dogridge, St. George and V. vinifera cultivars like Male Hybrid, Pusa Navrang, Blank Prince and Merlot as resistant sources, which can serve as valuable donor parents for breeding programs. Correlation analysis illustrated the negative correlation between disease severity index (DSI) and temperature (r = -0.50 (max), r = -0.48 (min)), rainfall (r = -0.07) and a positive correlation with relative humidity (r = 0.42). In-vitro inoculation, Organisation Internationale de la Vigne et du Vin Descriptors (OIV) scores (7 days post inoculation (dpi)) showed a negative correlation with hyphal area percentage (r = -0.90) and a positive correlation with necrosis (r = 0.86) indicating the resistant genotypes showing necrosis at the infection site and thus restricted the pathogen growth
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
References
Barker, C. L., Donald, T., Pauquet, J., Ratnaparkhe, M. B., Bouquet, A., Adam Blondon, A. F., Thomas, M. R. and Dry I. 2005. Genetic and physical mapping of the grapevine powdery mildew resistance gene, Run1, using a bacterial artificial chromosome library. Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 111: 370-377.
Cadle-Davidson, L., Chicoine, D. R. and Consolie, N. H. 2011. Variation within and among Vitis spp. for foliar resistance to the powdery mildew pathogen Erysiphe necator. Plant Disease. 95: 202–211.
Gadoury, D. M., Cadle-Davidson, L., Wilcox, W. F., Dry, I. B., Seem, R. C. and Milgroom, M. G. 2012. Grapevine powdery mildew (Erysiphe necator): A fascinating system for the study of the biology, ecology and epidemiology of an obligate biotroph. Molecular Plant Pathology, 13(1): 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1364-3703.2011.00728.x
Gawande, D. N. 2021. A retrospection of Indian grape varieties. The Pharma Innovation Journal. 10(11): 408- 414.
Gurjar, P. S., Singh, S. K., Singh, A. K., Verma, M. K. and Beniwal, S. 2015. Screening and biochemical studies on grape genotypes for powdery mildew infection under sub-tropical conditions. Indian Journal of Agricultural Biochemistry. 28(2): 178-182.
Kunova, A., Pizzatti, C., Saracchi, M., Pasquali, M. and Cortesi, P. 2021. Grapevine powdery mildew: Fungicides for its management and advances in molecular detection of markers associated with resistance. Microorganisms. 9(7): https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9071541
Ledbetter, C. A. and Lee, S. A. 2019. Maintaining product quality in raisins throughout the introgression of powdery mildew resistance. Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology, 94(4): 460–467. https://doi.org/10.1080/14620316.2018.1561213
Lukšić, K., Zdunić, G., Hančević, K., Mihaljević, M. Ž., Mucalo, A., Maul, E., Riaz, S. and Pejić, I. 2022. Identification of powdery mildew resistance in wild grapevine (Vitis vinifera subsp. sylvestris Gmel Hegi) from Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina. Scientific Reports. 12(1): 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-06037-6
Okelola, F. S., Adebisi, M. A., Kehinde, O. B. and Ajala, M, O. 2007. Genotypic and phenotypic variability for seed vigour traits and seed yield in West African rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes. The Journal of American Science. 3(3):34–41.
Otto, M., Geml, J., Hegyi, Á. I., Hegyi-Kaló, J., Pierneef, R., Pogány, M., Kun, J., Gyenesei, A. and Váczy, K. Z. 2022. Botrytis cinerea expression profile and metabolism differs between noble and grey rot of grapes. Food Microbiology. 106: 104037.
Spearman, C. 1904. The proof and measurement of association between two things. The American Journal of Psychoanalysis. 15:72–101.
Švábová, L. and Lebeda, A. 2005. In-vitro selection for improved plant resistance to toxin‐producing pathogens. Journal of Phytopathology. 153(1): 52-64.
Teh, S. L., Fresnedo-Ramírez, J., Clark, M. D., Gadoury, D. M., Sun, Q., Cadle-Davidson, L. and Luby, J. J. 2017. Genetic dissection of powdery mildew resistance in interspecific half-sib grapevine families using SNP-based maps. Molecular Breeding, 37(1): 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11032-016-0586-4.
Tetali, S., Karkamkar, S. P. and Phalake, S. V. 2018. Grape Breeding for powdery mildew resistance. Indian Journal of Horticulture. 75(4): 541-545.
Thind, T. S., Arora, J. K., Mohan, C. and Raj, P. 2004. Epidemiology of powdery mildew, downy mildew and anthracnose diseases of grapevine. Diseases of Fruits and Vegetables Volume I: Diagnosis and Management. pp. 621-638.
Wan, Y., Schwaninger, H., He, P. and Wang, Y. 2007. Comparison of resistance to powdery mildew and downy mildew in Chinese wild grapes. Vitis - Journal of Grapevine Research, 46(3): 132–136.
Zendler, D., Töpfer, R. and Zyprian, E. 2021. Confirmation and fine mapping of the resistance locus Ren9 from the grapevine cultivar ‘Regent.’ Plants. 10(1): 1–20. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10010024.